A supplement marketed for its potential anti-ageing benefits has failed to show meaningful improvement in Parkinson’s disease symptoms in a year-long clinical trial. The findings raise questions about whether boosting a substance involved in cellular energy production can translate into better outcomes for people living with the neurological condition.
The research examined nicotinamide riboside (NR), a form of vitamin B3 that is promoted for its ability to increase levels of NAD+, a molecule involved in energy metabolism and normal cell function.
Trial Involved 410 Adults
The trial included 410 adults with early-stage Parkinson’s disease. Participants received either 500 milligrams of NR twice daily or a placebo alongside their usual medication for one year.
Researchers assessed changes in Parkinson’s symptoms and examined whether the supplement affected biological processes associated with the disease.
Although NR increased NAD-related metabolic activity, this change did not translate into a meaningful clinical benefit.
No Meaningful Improvement in Symptoms
The group taking NR experienced an average worsening of 2.45 points on the symptom scale used in the trial, while the placebo group improved by 0.27 points.
The difference favoured the placebo group, but it was considered too small to be clinically meaningful. Researchers also reported greater worsening in mood and sleep symptoms among participants taking NR.
Brain imaging showed no effect on changes in the dopamine system. Overall adverse-event rates were similar between the two groups.
What the Findings Mean for Parkinson’s Research
Parkinson’s disease affects the nervous system and can cause movement difficulties, stiffness and other symptoms. Although existing treatments can help manage the condition, researchers continue to investigate ways to slow its progression or improve patients’ quality of life.
The trial illustrates why changes in biological markers do not necessarily mean a treatment will improve symptoms. Increasing NAD-related activity alone was not enough to demonstrate a benefit in this study.
Why Further Research Matters
The findings do not establish that NR has no possible use in any medical condition, but they do not support relying on it as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease.
People with Parkinson’s should continue to follow their prescribed treatment plans and discuss any supplements with their healthcare professionals rather than replacing established care with products marketed for longevity.
