A Mediterranean-style eating pattern has been linked to a lower risk of death in a study that examined dietary biomarkers and long-term health outcomes. The findings add to research exploring how everyday food choices may be associated with healthy ageing and longevity.
The study used blood-based measurements to assess how closely participants followed a Mediterranean diet, rather than relying only on what people reported eating.
Researchers Analysed Data From More Than 14,000 People
Researchers first examined data from 1,880 participants in Spain’s PREDIMED study, who were followed for a median of 13.2 years. They then assessed the findings in three large US groups involving another 12,704 participants, followed for an average of 25 years.
The team used a blood-based signature involving 67 metabolites to estimate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Metabolites are substances produced during the body’s normal chemical processes and can provide clues about dietary patterns.
Study Found a 23% Lower Risk
In both the Spanish and US groups, participants with the highest Mediterranean diet scores had a 23% lower risk of death from any cause than those with the lowest scores.
The researchers also found that each standard-deviation increase in the blood-based score was associated with a 19% lower risk of death in the Spanish group.
However, the findings were observational. They show an association, not proof that following this diet directly causes people to live longer. Results for specific causes of death were also mixed.
